Rescue apparatus.



A. E. DAVIDSON.

RESCUE APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED Aue.20, 1912.

Patented Oct. 17,1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

-' I Invelntorb 2 4'tty A. E. DAVIDSON.

RESCUE APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FIL'ED AUG. 20. m2.

Patented Oct. 17,1916. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

A. E. DAVIDSON. RESCUE APPARATUS.

4 APPLICATION FILED. AUG.20. 1912. v I 1,201,565. Patented Oct. 17,1916.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

Attest: I Inventor:

Atty

ALFRED E. DAVIDSON, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

RESCUE ArrAnA'rUs.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patentedbct. 17, 1916.

Application filed August 20, 1912 Serial No. 715,982.

To all chhom it may concern:

Beit known that I, ALFRED E. DAVIDSON, a subject of the. King of Great Britain, residing at' Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Resan expansible and collapsible bag 21 one Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My present invention relates to improvements in rescue apparatus and has features and advantages that will be readily apparent to those skilled in the. art from an under: standing of the following description in connection with the drawings. These show only one of the embodiments which my apparatus may advantageously take. In them I Figures 1 and 2 show the apparatus in use; Fig. 3 is a side elevation and Fig. 4:

is an end View of the mask; Fig. 5 is an elevation partly in section of the bag and tank; F ig. 6 is a detail section on the line 66 and Fig. '7 is a section on the plane of the line '77 in Fig. 5; and Fig. 8 is an en ner metal tubes 3 and 3* and these reach well down. toward the lower part of the back. These tubes have perforated bottoms and are filled with sticks of caustic potash or other material suitable for the absorption of carbonic acid gas from the exhaled air.

5 is a cylindrical water tank supported on the tubes 3 and 3 over the top of the breathing bag. The tube 3 delivers the exhalation from the mask into the bagand does not connect withthe interior of the tank 5. Its connection with the mask 6 is accomplished by a tube 7 passing water-tight diagonally throu h the cross section of the tank conne'cte at its upper end' with a rubber or] other flexible tube 8 leading to the mask, and at its lower end delivering into the tube 3. The mask 6 has special features'to be ex lained later, and to it over the other g p 3 contain any desired or preferred filter ng shoulder ofthe wearer leads another flexible The water is derived from tank 5, and it will be noted is the same water that surrounds the cooler 1 The tube 8*, which tube at its other end connects with a tubular nipple 9' set into the side of the water tank. This nipple connects with an air cooler 10 within the tank but has no connection with the interior of the tank proper. The air cooler is a large tube or pipe having sealed hollow walls. The inhalation air coming upwardly from the bag is delivered by the tube 3 into thev hollow cylindricalwall oflthe cooler where it becomes quickly cooled because it is so spread out in a thin layer surrounded inside and outsidelwith water cooled metal. Then, as already described, the cooled air is delivered through the flexible tube .8? to the mask for the user to breathe. The breath is compelled to circulate in one direction only through the apparatus, namely, from the mask down the tube 3 across the lower-interior of the bag and up through the tube 3 back to the mask again,by -means. of valves consisting of mica-disks l1 and 11, the first opening only when impelled downwardly, and the second onlywhen impelled upwardly. The tubes .3 and 3 nare filled with lumps of, caustic,

lpotash or its equivalent to absorb the ear onic acid gas and thereby purify the air as it passes through the tubes.

A material which delivers oxygen upon reaction with a liquid or moisture is put into the bottom of the breathing bag. The material is preferably'sodium peroxid in lump or cake form with which water is the reacting liquid- Means is provided (1) for shutting off the supply of liquid at will to prevent waste of theperoxid when the apparatus is not in use; (2) means to drip the liquid at a defi-.

for filtering the liquid.

the cylindrical tank has a needle valve seat 12 in its bottom over the tube 3. Cooperating with this 1s the valve stem 13 whose head 13 projects from the valve seat 12 leads down through thetop of the filter casing 14 suitable to nite rate to make the oxygen delivery uniformly correct in quantity; and means material to free the water from any fine particles that might clog the bore of the capillary dropping or dripping tube 15 which is supported vertically from a' socket 16 on the underside of the filter. This tube is drawn to a downwardly directed point. A large diameter tube 17 extends up through the caustic potash containing tube 3 to receive the water dripped from the capillary tube 15 and thereby prevent it from wetting and spoiling the caustic potash. T have found that a pointed capillary tube which delivers about 126 drops per minute with a six inch water column pressure gives the right drip-speed for normal oxygen supply. The capillary device makes it impossible to flood the peroxid, besides securing uniformity as pointed out. The preferred material for the capillary tube is thermometer glass tubing, but other non-corrodible materials having a capillary bore may be used, such as lava. The tubes 3 and 3 not only act as containers for the caustic potash, but serve importantly to guide the. air over the materials, and the tube directs it downwardly against the peroxid as indicated by the arrows.

The flexibility of" the bag makes it responsive in expanding and contracting to the lungs in exhaling and inhaling. It is prevented from being completely collapsed under any circumstances, for example, such as the wearer falling over on his back,-by means of an inclosing rigid frame 18. This is an open frame so that the user can pinch the bottom of the, rubber bag to rub off the used ortions of the peroxid from the lumps or ca es and therebyaccelerate the oxygen supply in case of need.

The entire apparatus is put on the back because it is easiest carried there and leaves the arms free.

19 is an atomizer-bulb leading into the top of the Water tank for use in case a heavier water supply be needed in an emergency or to force an opening through the capillary tube in event of a stoppage therein, or to force water through the capillary tube Where the user is in a reclining position, since when in such position the water in the tank may not be suflicient to cause the capillary tube to drip automatically by mere gravity. The atomizer-bulb accomplishes its work by increasing the air pressure on the water in the tank;

Air-inlet means is provided admitting air to the tank above the liquid level therein to permit the water to drip into the bag and not be air-bound, saidmeans operating irrespective of the position of the wearer whether upright or reclining. It consists of a rubber or' flexible tube 20 having one end fixed in an inlet hole 21 through a cap 22 that screws over a hole through the top of the tank, and having a float or hollow ball 23 on its other or free end, placed so as to float said free end of the flexible tube above the surface of the water in the tank,

which obviously it will do whatever may be the position of the wearer.

The mask 6 is strapped above to a headcap 25 and below to a neck-piece 26. llts special feature is that it incloses air-tight not only the nose and mouth but also the chin of the wearer, and, because it has such a firm anchorage on the lower aw, the mask a breathing chamber, exhaling and inhaling ducts between the foregoing and tubes within the chamber connecting respectively with said ducts, said tubes containing regenerative chemicals and serving to direct the air to a chemical in the bottom of the chamber.

3. In a device of the characterdescribed the combination with a chemical containing compartment of a water tank mounted adjacent thereto and arranged to feed thereinto, means for controlling the flow of water from said tank to-said compartment, a mask, means for conducting the air from said compartment to said mask, said means including a chamber disposed within said water tank and surrounded by the water within said tank through which chamber the air passes on its way to said mask whereby the water in said tank is caused to serve the double purpose of cooling the air and supplying the chemical within the compartment.

4. In a device of the character described the combination with a flexible and expansible chemical receiving compartment, a tank mounted thereon arranged to feed thereinto, means for controlling the flow of water from said tank to said compartment, a mask, means for conducting air from said compartment to said mask and an annular chamber disposed within the water tank and forming a part of the air conducting means, the water within said tank lying both inside and outside of said annular chamber whereby the Water is caused to serve the double function of cooling theair and supplying the chemical receiving compartment.

, .5. In a device of the'character described the combination with a'flexible. bag having a pair of vertically disposed tubes extending downwardly therein at the OppOsite sides thereof, of a tank secured to-said tubes part of said conducting means and projectand arranged horizontally above said bag ing into said water tank. 10 and supported upon said tubes, said tank In testimony whereof I afiiX my signature serving to contain water, means for permitin presence of two-witnesses.

ting the passage of the water from said tank ALFRED E. DAVIDSON. to one of said tubes, means for conducting Witnesses: air from the other of said tubes, said means ALAN C. MODONNELL,

comprising an annular chamber forming a EDNA A..MORELA m. 

